Predators And Ecosystem Management :: essays research papers fc

Predators and Ecosystem Management Characteristic Resources Management      Predators everlastingly affect various types of biological systems. They impact there biological systems by controlling the wealth of lower species certain living spaces. In this article, â€Å"Predators and Ecosystem Management† by (James A. Estes). He clarifies aftereffects of contextual analyses that demonstrate significant biological jobs for predators in a tremendous beach front environment. The primary test in this article is to decide whether there are intermittent examples else where in nature and to likewise get when and where they happen.      The creator gives his point of view on predators and the seaside biological systems by giving us a living model, the ocean otter and the kelp woods. The connection between the ocean otters and the kelp-woods was given due to a mishap of history, the over-misuse of ocean otters in the Pacific sea hide exchange. The investigation thought about regions where ocean otters were plenteous with close by territories to zone's the place they're practically terminated. By doing this examination of the ocean otters waterfront framework it was conceivable to increase a lot of understanding into the ocean otter biological job in kelp-backwoods environment. Throughout the years it's been workable for us to watch the kelp-woodland environment after some time, on account of the enormous development of the ocean otters populace we watched the change from otter- allowed to otter-overwhelmed.      This article identifies with numerous parts of our reading material. On page 89 in part 5 the content clarifies what a biological system is, characterized by the book, it's a network of species associating with each other where there is a non-living condition. For this situation the otter and kelp-backwoods biological systems a seaside biological system. As referenced in the book, the evolved way of life is associated with the grouping of occasions with the life form that are the wellspring of the food. In a review of beach front territories in numerous regions of the North Pacific Ocean have uncovered that kelp woodlands for the most part are broadly deforested where ocean otters are missing while this condition is uncommon where happen ( Estes and Duggins 1995).      All biological system the executives has as of late developed as the fundamental method of

The Smart Metal Detector

The Smart Metal Detector This undertaking is the mix of equipment and programming item. With the guide of the smaller scale controller, this metal indicator can have progressively valuable capacity. This framework comprises of 3 fundamental pieces of equipment: The development of keen metal identifier required the get-together of data/information/ideas of hindrance sensor, LCD Display, H-Bridge DC engine driver, PIC smaller scale controller, metal indicator innovation, etc. Other than that, some information in programming part: PIC Assembly language and other valuable programming: MPLAB, Protel XP, and multisim are additionally required. These days, Metal indicators have become an exceptionally normal staple in todays society and generally utilized in human live in a scope of use from relaxation to work and furthermore security reason. For Safety reason, Metal indicator that utilized in air terminal to guarantee that there is no perilous weapon, for example, blades, firearms or any metal articles that could be utilized as weapons has been brought along by psychological oppressor into the plane. In specialized zone, individuals utilized metal locator to look for the underground funnel or link before delving in dividers and floors. Other than that, numerous individuals appreciate in finding shrouded fortune or important metal like gold and silver by utilizing metal identifier. Metal indicator items are accessible in advertise. It has numerous sorts of metal finders are sold which utilized in various territory. In any case, huge numbers of them have the accompanying weaknesses: Costly The costs of metal finders are pricey. Despite the fact that the more costly metal identifier has better and usefulness, generally we dont need such an extensive amount the capacity. The additional capacity that we dont need will be squandered. So the costs of metal finder items that sold in showcase wouldnt be manage the cost of by everybody. Physically controlled metal finder A significant number of the metal identifiers are physically constrained by human where clients are required to deal with it and stroll around to recognize the underground metal. This is depleted and tired work. In view of these two disservices, clients need a minimal effort and have essential capacity of portability metal identifier. The savvy metal indicator is a gadget that used to identify metallic material, for example, coins, gold and other metal things. It can move and alter the course of development in certain circumstance to examine the underground metal. It will take a U turn when it arrived at the ideal separation which previously set inside the microcontroller and proceed with move in another track. It will maintain a strategic distance from the impediment with the assistance of sensor. At the point when it identifies a metal, it will signal on caution to demonstrate client. 2.0 Statement of Aims The following are the points that focused to accomplish in the Smart metal finder venture: Programmed development: In this area, the idea of connection between H-Bridge driver and DC engines are applied into the venture. The H-Bridge driver is a circuit that used to control the heading of DC engines with the assistance of miniaturized scale controller. Snag shirking: At the point when the gadget has identified a snag obstructing before the metal locator, it will stay away from the hindrance naturally by altering its development course to forestall crash occurred. Miniaturized scale controller application: A miniaturized scale controller is utilized to turn into the fundamental cerebrum of the versatile metal indicator. The fundamental reason for the smaller scale controller is utilized to offer guidance to control all the capacity of the metal discovery. Alert signal when recognize metal: At the point when the metal finder has been identified underground metal, the bell will signal on to illuminate clients that some metal components have been recognized. LCD show sign: All the status and message from the metal locator are demonstrating in the LCD show. For instance, the message of Metal Found will be appeared in LCD when the metal finder has been identified metal component. 3.0 Objective The primary goal of this venture is to build up a Smart Metal Detector into more robotization territory. With the mechanization of metal locator, this idea will be added to the genuine application. The sub-targets of this task will be intricate beneath: To apply the electric and electronic information that I have learned into the genuine application field. To give a minimal effort metal identifier for general metal recognition reason. To get familiar with the ability of composing programming in PIC Assembly language. To get familiar with the expertise of investigating the product issues or bugs. To figure out how to function followed the arranged calendar, just as the Gantt Chart. 4.0 Literature Review The main individual that developed the first rough metal indicator in quite a while Alexander Graham Bell. From that point forward, the metal locator idea has been continued improving to turn out to be increasingly advance and relevant in different regions. Fundamentally, there are three innovations utilized in metal locators. These three advances are: I. Low Frequency (VLF) Technology II. Heartbeat Induction (PI) Technology III. Beat-Frequency Oscillation (BFO) Technology VLF is known as enlistment parity and it is likewise the most famous metal identifier innovation utilized these days. There are two unmistakable curls that utilized in a VLF metal indicator, transmitter loop and beneficiary curl. The transmitter curl is the external curl circle which is wound with wire. Power is being sent along the wire and makes the electromagnetic field. The collector curl is the inward loop circle which is likewise wound with another wire. The beneficiary curl goes about as a reception apparatus to get and intensify the frequencies which originate from the objective metallic articles in the ground. The metal identifier can decide roughly the more profound of the focused on covered article. This should be possible by decide the quality of the attractive field that the item creates. The idea is basic: The more grounded attractive field will be identified if the metal finder is nearer to the outside of the focused on object. On the other hand, the further the article away from the metal identifier, the more fragile the attractive field will be distinguished. The metal identifier additionally can differential the kinds of metals. It is depended on a marvel called as stage moving. The distinctions in timing between the frequencies of transmitter loop and the focused on object is called stage move. For instance, an article with high inductance will have a bigger stage move since it requires some investment to adjust its attractive field. In any case, an item with high obstruction will have a little stage move. The stage move idea gave VLF based metal finder has the capacity called separation. The metal indicator utilized a couple of electronic circuits called stage demodulators to look at the stage move of target object with the normal of a specific sort of metal to analyze the metal class of the objective item. The identifier will at that point tells client with discernible tone or visual marker of what class of the metal is destined to be. The stage move idea likewise permitted client to sift through (separate) the undesirable article ove r a specific stage move level. Heartbeat Induction (PI) innovation is a less regular type of the metal finder. PI metal indicator utilizes just single curl as both transmitter and collector, or utilizing 2 or 3 loops cooperate. The metal identifier sends amazing, short beats of current through a curl of wire. This reason each heartbeat creates a short attractive field. The attractive field will turn around extremity and crumples unexpectedly after the beat closures and causing a sharp electrical spike. After the spikes, a current called reflected heartbeat will go through another loop and this procedure will continue rehashing in brief timeframe. The PI based metal indicator works like echoes: If the metal finder is over a metallic article, an inverse attractive field will make by the beat in the item. After the crumbling of the beats attractive field, the reflected heartbeat will be produced, and subsequently the attractive field of the item cause it require some investment for the reflected heartbeat to vanish c ompletely. An examining circuit is set to screen the length of the reflected heartbeat. The circuit can decide whether another attractive field has caused the reflected heartbeat rot in longer time (typically a couple of microseconds) than ordinary, it will presumed that some metallic article is being meddling with it. Generally the inspecting circuit is associated with a gadget called integrator. This integrator can peruse the got signal from examining circuit enhances and changes over the sign to coordinate current (DC). This DCs voltage is associated with a sound circuit which used to show the client that focused article has been identified. This capacity is practically like the VLF based metal locator. PI based metal finder isn't on a par with VLF based metal indicator in segregation because of the impediment of reflected heartbeat length of different metals are hard to isolated. Be that as it may, PI identifier is valuable to distinguish object in regions that have profoundly conductive material, for example, salt-water investigation. Also, PI indicator has the favorable position that can recognize metal a lot further in the ground than different frameworks. Beat-recurrence oscillator (BFO) innovation is the most fundamental way that used to identify metal. There are 2 curls of wire in BFO locator. A huge curl is in the serarch head and the littler loop is situated inside the control box. The two loops are associated with an oscillator that creates a huge number of beats of current every second. The recurrence of the beats is marginally counterbalanced between two loops. At the point when the hunt head ignores a metal article, the items attractive field will meddles with the recurrence of the radio waves which produced by the pursuit head curl. From that point forward, the recurrence will veers off from the recurrence of the curl in the control box and cause the perceptible beats change in span and tone. The BFO indicator is sold in minimal effort contrast with different innovations locator, be that as it may, the precision and the degree of control are not given. Despite the fact that there are 3 distinctive of advancements utilized in metal finder, the fundamental idea of metal locator can be simpl

Patience at the Deadline - UGA Undergraduate Admissions

Patience at the Deadline - UGA Undergraduate Admissions Patience at the Deadline During both the week before and the week after a deadline, life gets fairly crazy in our office. We are receiving tens of thousands of documents, both online and through the mail, and we have a number of people trying to match these documents as quickly (and accurately) as possible. And while we know that you want to check and see about missing items, I ask that you hold your phone calls, emails, visits, etc. for a little while, as you need to give us time to match up items. Over the past two days, I have had two people contacting me wondering why something that was submitted an hour or two ago is not showing up on the myStatus page. So here are a few tips and explanations so that you will understand the process. The myStatus page was updated on 1/13 at 4:00 p.m., and will not be updated until the morning of Tuesday, 1/17. Items that arrived at the end of this week or later may not show up until later next week. While the deadline is 1/17 (extended due to Sunday and holiday), we will be accepting supplemental documents for a few weeks after this date, as we know that some schools, counselors and teachers are somewhat overwhelmed at this time of year. That does not mean that you should wait to have things sent in, but that we try to work with schools on the documents. The myStatus page does not work on a live feed. It is updated at about 3 a.m. or so every business day, so something that is submitted today will not show up automatically. If a school evaluation is submitted online through our system, it will show up in 1-2 business days, as it goes straight into the students file. If a teacher recommendation is submitted online through our system and the teacher uses the link off the email (it self-populates the information of the applicant), it will also show up in 1-2 business days. If the teacher just goes to the form and enters in your information, it will have to be hand matched, and it will take longer. If an item is sent through the mail, through GA411, or through Naviance, it has to be hand matched, and it takes a few days. If you had something sent in before you applied, it gets put into a holding file for documents awaiting matching, and then can only be matched after you apply. When we have 2,000 people apply right at the deadline, which is a lot of applicants to check against our holding file, so be patient. We generally say to give us 8-10 business days (not just days, but business days) to get something into your file after it has been sent/submitted. It usually takes much less time, but you never know. Make sure your teacher/counselor uses your full name, as I have seen first/last names reversed, nicknames instead of first names, or even the occasional letter with only a first name on it. These will take much longer to match up (if we are able to), as we have your official name on the application and go with that name. As well, there are a number of students with the same name, and if there is no birthdate or middle name on the letter, we may have to double check the different files for accuracy (I once had a set of twins with the same first name!). Test scores are loaded several times a week, but your scores need to be sent officially by the testing agency, and UGA does not control when they are sent to us. As well, if the scores arrive today, it generally takes 1-2 days to then load them into our system. If you send a fax, I will shred it. Faxed official documents are not acceptable. I dont think I can make that any clearer. Fee waivers and checks must go through a specific financial tracking process before they are entered to make sure there is no financial misconduct, so be patient with these items getting into the system. So my best answer is that the word of the day is PATIENCE. We hope to have a first pass of all materials matched with files within the next two weeks, and we will then search for missing items. These usually are items where there are hyphenated names, nicknames, etc., and we did not catch them the first time around. Right now, just breath, know that we are doing our best to match up items, and have patience. Go Dawgs!

The Problem Of Corruption Water Tank Essay - 1451 Words

Now a day’s government is facing a problem of corruption in water circulation process, in drought affected regions. With the existing system government is unable to monitor and control the distribution of water in such areas. We propose a new system which will circulate water in those drought regions without corruption. In our system when the water tanks reach the drought areas the presence of the water tank is registered. Moreover system also uses light emitting diodes to assure that the water tank has poured the water into the well. All this information will be also displayed on a website. So whenever the water tank fails to supply the water, the output will be automatically generated on the web page that the water tank hasn t reached the area and which helps authorities to take legal actions immediately. Therefore the system results in timely water supply, accuracy and perfection due to digitization and with no corruption at all. Keywords— Radio Frequency,Light Emitting Diode, Random Access Memory, Hard Disk Drive, Monitoring I. INTRODUCTION: 1. NEED OF SYSTEM: India suffers a lot from a disaster called Drought . Indian government puts on large amount of money for the drought affected region. But corruption takes place and the water is not properly supplied to the drought affected area. Instead of supplying more water to the region less amount of water is supplied due to corruption and people there are forced to suffer lot. The money justShow MoreRelatedTumaga River: A river of broken dreams1299 Words   |  6 Pagesgreat river supplied water to the city coming from the highest mountain region called the Batorampon point in the peninsula of Zamboanga City Philippines. The water flows directly to the river canal at the Tumaga district then it passes through the Tetuan district and then next to barangay Tugbungan and lastly to the Tictabon channel what it is now polluted water. 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Many refineries in the Gulf Coast region provide millions of barrels per day, This region accounts for almost half of U.S. refining capacity. The refineries produce large amounts of refined petroleum product, like gasoline

A Balanced View On The Minimum Wage - 1928 Words

Introduction In a standard model for a competitive market, suggest that if the price of labour is artificially altered, this will then alter the demand curve, which will ultimately mean the least skilled will lose their jobs. This thinking has led to some economist to oppose against the minimum wage because it will cause higher unemployment. This has also been stressed by Milton Friedman, who received the Nobel Prize in 1976, has called the minimum wage a form of â€Å"discrimination against low skilled workers†. In this essay, I will look to give a balanced view on the use of minimum wage. The minimum wage debate â€Å"is one of the most studied topics in economics† (Beeton, 2013) The minimum wage was first introduced in the United Kingdom (U.K)†¦show more content†¦Whilst the law of supply tells us that if there are more jobs in the market these will increase the wage because firms need workers, this is why the supply curve is positive sloping. With both these there will be an intersection between the two curves, this is also known as the equilibrium which is when supply meets good and this is the most effective combination of the supply of work and the amount they workers get paid. This is shown in figure 1. Figure 1 Figure 1 shows a standard supply and demand model, where the demand curve has a negative correlation, whilst the supply curve is positively correlated. The equilibrium wage is denoted by Q* and W*. With the use of government intervention, which in this case is the minimum will offset the equilibrium that we can see in figure 1. So with a price floor being placed into the supply and demand, we can see the effects demonstrated in figure 2. As we can see the minimum wage is above the equilibrium wage, therefore this will take some workers out of the market because employers wouldn’t want to pay a higher wage to a potential employee, which will therefore cause low skilled workers to not be able to get jobs and effectively cause unemployment which is represented below the dotted line of the minimum wage. Figure 2 Figure 2 shows a supply and demand model of labour, this

Alternative Teaching Strategies Free Essays

From Infancy until the late stages of our lives, we undergo different stages of development. In each of the stages, we are supposed to be mastering some craft, or prioritizing a task that we have not given the time of day before. Several psychologists have come up with theories about these stages, each intertwined with the other. We will write a custom essay sample on Alternative Teaching Strategies or any similar topic only for you Order Now This paper will concentrate on Jean Piaget’s theory of Cognitive Development, specifically, to Concrete Operational Stage, in relation to the experience of tutoring Math to the children in St. Kitts. According Perret-Clermont and Bessire, (2004) from encyclopedia. com, â€Å"Piaget compared ideas and facts, the philosophy of science and the observation of children, working out the fundamental principles of genetic epistemology. † Concrete Operational Stage happens from the ages 7 to 11 years. According to Piaget, at this stage, reversibility, that is objects when changed has the ability to return to its original state, is attained. According to Marshall (1998) in encyclopedia. com, â€Å"In the stage of so-called concrete-operations (which lasts from about the ages of 7 to 11 or 12), children start to classify objects, can take the role of others and understand the nature of cause and effect, but still have difficulty thinking about abstract concepts without referring these to real events or particular images with which they are familiar. † Edwards, Hopgood, Rosenberg and Rush (2009) further wrote in their website, â€Å"During this stage, the thought process becomes more rational, mature and ‘adult like’, or more ‘operational’, although this process most often continues well into the teenage years. The process is divided by Piaget into two stages, the Concrete Operations, and the Formal Operations stage, which is normally undergone by adolescents. In the Concrete Operational stage, the child has the ability to develop logical thought about an object, if they are able to manipulate it. By comparison, however, in the Formal Operations stage, the thoughts are able to be manipulated and the presence of the object is not necessary for the thought to take place. † Other characteristic for this stage was mentioned by Atherton (2009) in the Learning Teaching website: â€Å"Can think logically about objects and events; Achieves conservation of number (age 6), mass (age 7), and weight (age 9); Classifies objects according to several features and can order them in series along a single dimension such as size. † An Anonymous writer from Child Development institute (2008) said the following for this stage of development, â€Å"Evidence for organized, logical thought. There is the ability to perform multiple classification tasks, order objects in a logical sequence, and comprehend the principle of conservation. Thinking becomes less transductive and less egocentric. The child is capable of concrete problem-solving. Some reversibility now possible (quantities moved can be restored such as in arithmetic: 3+4 = 7 and 7-4 = 3, etc. ) Class logic-finding bases to sort unlike objects into logical groups where previously it was on superficial perceived attribute such as color. Categorical labels such as â€Å"number† or animal† now available. † It is from these that the project was initiated. For two months, the author of this paper has spent time with the school kids of St. Kitts. Everyday, tutorial lessons were held to aid children in accomplishing their tasks at school. A set of survey questions was also distributed to find out their views to help in setting up the project. The survey consisted of 10 questions specifically phrased and distributed to both the children and their parents. Of the ten questions answered by the children, the top four questions that were noticeable were questions number 2, 4, 5 and 9. Question number two asked them if their parents spend quality time with them and their schoolwork. Nearly 70% of the population said â€Å"no. † Majority of the children answered 4-5 hours with question number four that asked about the amount of time they spend playing after school. When asked if they spend time studying at home, besides at school, for question number 5, only 43% said â€Å"yes. † It is however, noteworthy that 100% of the children answered â€Å"yes† in question number nine, â€Å"if I were to tutor you for the next two months, do you think you will be better? † As for the result on the survey to the parents, the top four questions that had numerical impact were questions number 1, 2, 3 and 5. For question number one, only 50% of the parents say that they are involved in their children’s homework. The involvement of the 50% though varies from subject to subject as they have limited knowledge to some areas. Close to 74% of the parents answered â€Å"yes† to question number two, â€Å"Do you ask to see their homework? † Comparing the results for both questions number one and two, the disparity between involvement (helping children out) and simply looking at the homework, is already evident. Looking at the homework does not necessarily mean seeing through the process of its completion. One of the more interesting results is the answer to question number three, as it deals with time frames parents set to their children in accomplishing their homework. Only 20% of the population does it. The last question that had impact is for the one that asked whether or not parents cut out distractions (like TV or computer) in the background? Only 12% were confident in saying â€Å"yes,† whereas a majority rated it as â€Å"not sure. † This result roots from the fact that they don’t entirely remove these distractions, because most of the parents still do their own chores and tasks while their children are doing their homework. The experience has brought the conclusion that lack of attention and attentiveness to and from the kids are the biggest contributors for the knowledge deficit in the community. The objective of the project is to come up with an alternative that will help children concentrate on doing assignments to gain desire for learning anew, to help and equip parents with the styles of teaching, so that after this project, they can do it themselves. The project and teaching plan, however, are limited to tutoring Math, and not other subjects. Nursing Diagnosis: Knowledge deficit related to lack of application of age-appropriate (developmental stage) learning methodology. While the children answered in such manner to the survey questions, an apparent lack of appropriate application of the developmental ability and capability is a contributor to making the children interested in the subject area and making the parents involved in the assignments. Parents have little knowledge on how to approach teaching children, and they are not wary about the fact that children at different stages comprehend lessons in different manners or levels. How to cite Alternative Teaching Strategies, Papers

Blood Brothers Portfolio Essay Example For Students

Blood Brothers Portfolio Essay For this section of the exam we have been studying and exploring the play Blood Brothers by Willy Russel. We have used many explorative strategies to help us interrupt the text and show us the themes and issues of the play. I enjoyed most of the exercises we did, but found many of them challenging. At the start of the workshop, I found it extremely hard to use a Liverpool accent effectively, and I tried to get around this problem by not using one at all. However, I found that this did not solve the problem as the accent was an important property of the characters and emphasised the rich/poor divide. We used many explorative strategies to explore the themes, issues and characters brought up in the play. One exercise, which help me explore all of these, was hot sitting. We asked Edward and Mickey questions and interviewed them as an adult and as children. It was interesting to see that their opinions of the world were very similar when they were children, but very different as adults. This shows us, that no matter how similar two people are, if they are born into two different classes, theyre paths will lead away from each other. It was also interesting to see how Edwards opinion as an adult was much more childish and ignorant then Mickeys. This is probably because Edward had never had a financial difficulty in his life, so he couldnt understand what real life is like. However Mickey is the complete opposite. It also helped me to understand the challenges facing the professional actors who performed to play. I found it hard to convey a character of a young age and then convey the same character at a much older age. I change the pitch of my voice, but tried to carry my body in a similar, yet more mature way as an adult. We also did a role-play which was very similar to hot sitting were Mrs Lyons went to see a therapist. This was similar to hot sitting because towards the end of the role-play Mrs Lyons began to be totally honest with the therapist and let the audience get inside her head. I learnt that my interpretation of Mrs Lyons character was not as cold hearted as I originally thought from the text. She did care for her Edward and felt a great deal of guilt at his death. However, she did place most of the guilt on Mickey and Mrs Johnston and had an attitude that they werent as good as her because of their class. This attitude is still present in todays society and is similar to the attitude involved in racism. An exercise we did at the very beginning of the workshop, which started to show the contrast of Mickey and Edward was a freeze frame of the last/opening scene. Mickey and Edward were both lying on the floor and the different characters, which belonged in the two different worlds, were standing on their own side. For instance, Linda was standing on Mickeys side, and Mrs Lyons was on Edwardss side. We decided to put Mrs Johnston in the middle of the two, as she felt she belonged in both of their worlds. I played Mickey, which I didnt find too challenging because all I had to do was lie there lifelessly. However it did give me a real sense of the atmosphere that I would expect to find in a situation like that. This was important as it helped me understand just how great the tragedy was, and how important it was to the plot. This exercise also showed me how Mrs Johnston invokes sympathy from the audience, were as Mrs Lyons is given hardly any. .u5c90eb855096551a255602a747eb7182 , .u5c90eb855096551a255602a747eb7182 .postImageUrl , .u5c90eb855096551a255602a747eb7182 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u5c90eb855096551a255602a747eb7182 , .u5c90eb855096551a255602a747eb7182:hover , .u5c90eb855096551a255602a747eb7182:visited , .u5c90eb855096551a255602a747eb7182:active { border:0!important; } .u5c90eb855096551a255602a747eb7182 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u5c90eb855096551a255602a747eb7182 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u5c90eb855096551a255602a747eb7182:active , .u5c90eb855096551a255602a747eb7182:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u5c90eb855096551a255602a747eb7182 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u5c90eb855096551a255602a747eb7182 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u5c90eb855096551a255602a747eb7182 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u5c90eb855096551a255602a747eb7182 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u5c90eb855096551a255602a747eb7182:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u5c90eb855096551a255602a747eb7182 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u5c90eb855096551a255602a747eb7182 .u5c90eb855096551a255602a747eb7182-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u5c90eb855096551a255602a747eb7182:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Nathaniel Hawthorne, The Ministers Black Veil EssayOne of the important moments in the play, as far as Mrs Johnston is concerned is her Marilyn Monroe song were she earns her sympathy by telling the audience how unfortunate shes been. We explored this scene, and therefore her characters past by creating a sequence of still images which revolved around the lyrics to her song. We also marked the moment by doing a role-play in time to the music. We decided that the most important part of her past was when her husband walked out on her, because it was then that she would start to financially struggle, and that struggle would continue for the rest of her life. I played the husband, and I feel I did this successfully. I tried to be over exaggerated with my body language and facial expressions, and represent the stereotypical bad husband/father. These financial troubles were passed on to Mickey, which is how the play ended up as it did. Mickey would of never gone to jail and therefore, never been addicted to anti-depressants, if it wasnt for his financial troubles. Throughout the workshop we got to know Mickeys character, and I find it hard to believe that Mickey would of committed the robbery if he wasnt in desperate need for the money. Thats why we explored Mickeys options by using thought tracking. We improvised a role-play in pairs were Sammy, had to try and persuade Mickey to do the robbery. Then when Mickey was forced to make his mind up by Sammy, he spoke directly towards the audience and went through his options and his reasons for agreeing. This was useful because it helped everyone see how desperate Mickey was and showed why, even after he committed the crime, the audience still liked Mickey.

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This is the html version of the file Essay http://www.dti.gov.ph/contentment/66/69/files/starting.doc. G o o g l e automatically generates html versions of documents as we crawlthe web. To link to or bookmark this page, use the following url:http://www.google.com/search?q=cache:amwmgYrFhpsJ:www.dti.gov.ph/contentment/66/69/files/starting.doc+start+and+operating+small+business+filetype:dochl=enlr=lang_enie=UTF-8Google is not affiliated with the authors of this page nor responsible forits content. We will write a custom essay on This is the html version of the file specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now These search terms have been highlighted:startoperatingsmallbusiness| |pic StartingaSmall EnterpriseStarting a Small EnterpriseTABLE OF CONTENTS| |Page||Introduction |||Why Be an Entrepreneur?|3|| |3||Rewards of Entrepreneurship|4||. |||Risks of Entrepreneurship ||| |||Process Flow: Starting a Small Enterprise|5||..||| |||Analysis|||Are You Entrepreneurial?|6||. |7||Additional Factors to Consider|||..|||Decision-Making/Planning |||Determining Your Product Line|8||.|8||Types of Business According to Ownership|9|||||Writing a Business Plan|||..|||..|||Financing|||Determining Your Financial Requirements|12 ||..|12 ||Seeking Sources of Capital |14 ||.|||Rules for Sound Financing |||..|||Setting Up|||Choosing the Site/Location of Your Business |15 || |15 ||Registering Your Business |22 ||..|||Hiring/Training Personnel |||. |||Getting Your Business Started|24 || |||References|25 ||..|||. ||IntroductionWhy Be an Entrepreneur?Entrepreneurship is a way of life.Being entrepreneurial means bein g ableto identify, start, and maintain a viable and profitable business,particularly a small enterprise. People spend most of their lives working for someone else.Some peopleeventually rise to positions of wealth and power, while the rest languishin unchallenging and low-paying jobs.On the other hand, there are aselect few who strike it out on their own; rather than work for others,they put up their own enterprise. You may ask: Why should I risk my resources in an unpredictable businesswhen I could hold a stable job with a permanent tenure and an assurance ofa regular monthly income, without any risk?In other words, why be anentrepreneur rather than an employee?Entrepreneurship has its own rewards, as well as its risks.Having yourown business has tremendous rewards, but be sure to weigh prospectivereturns against the potential risks and losses. ||Rewards of Entrepreneurship.Have Unlimited Opportunity to Make Money When you have your ownbusiness, you will most certainly have unlimited potential to earn money. How much money you earn depends on the time and effort you put into yourenterprise. Successful entrepreneurs have earned their wealth and prestigethrough hard work and by having the right product for the right market atthe right time. .Be Your Own Boss As sole proprietor of your business, you make thedecisions for your enterprise and take full responsibility for them.Thequality of these decisions will translate into either gain or loss for yourbusiness. Being your own boss means you are in control of your future. You have a better grasp of what you want to be. . Tap Your Creativity A business usually starts out as an idea.Youwill have the opportunity to harness this creativity and turn your ideainto products and processes. . Overcome Challenges and Feel Fulfilled Starting a business is by itselfan accomplishment.Running a business tests an entrepreneurs capabilityin securing and managing resources.How well a business turns out dependson the owners ability to face challenges and overcome them. ||Risks of Entrepreneurship.Risk of Failure Small businesses are prone to risks and thepossibility of failure a single wrong business decision can bring abusiness to bankruptcy. . Unpredictable Business Conditions A small business is vulnerable tosudden changes in the business environment.In a fast-paced industry, asmall firm may not possess the financial capability nor the organizationalcapacity to respond adequately to new opportunities and their concomitantproblems. .Long Hours of Work A prospective entrepreneur must be ready to spendmost if not all his waking hours immersed in the business.Also, familytime and personal affairs may be jeopardized. . Unwanted or Unexpected Responsibilities The entrepreneur may eventuallyfind himself saddled with management responsibilities he did not bargainfor. |Process Flow: Starting A Small Enterprise|Self-Analysis: Are You Entrepreneurial?Considering Other Factors Determining Your Product/ Service Line and Type of Business Writing a Business PlanDetermining Your Financial RequirementsSeeking Sources of CapitalChoosing the Site/Location of Your BusinessRegistering Your BusinessHiring/Training PersonnelGetting Your Business Started AnalysisAre You Entrepreneurial?A successful entrepreneur possesses key characteristics that help hisbusiness grow and thrive.Extensive research by the Small EnterpriseResearch and Development Foundation reveals 10 Personal EntrepreneurialCharacteristics (PECs) that lead to success. These are grouped into whatare called the Achievement Cluster, the Planning Cluster, and the PowerCluster. Take a look at what they are and try to identify yourentrepreneurial strengths and weaknesses. Achievement Cluster 1. Opportunity-seeking. Perceives and acts on new business opportunities. Seizes unusual opportunities to obtain financing, equipment, land,work, space, or assistance 2. Persistence. Takes repeated or different actions to overcome obstacles. Makes sacrifices or expends extraordinary effort to complete atask. Sticks to own judgement in the face of opposition ordisappointments 3. Commitment. Accepts full responsibility for problems encountered. Helps own employees to get the job done. Seeks to satisfy the customer 4. Risk-Taking. Takes moderate risks. Prefers situations involving moderate risks 5. Values Efficiency and Quality. Always strives to raise standards and aims for excellence. Strives to do things better, faster, and at lower costPlanning Cluster 6. Goal-Setting. Sets clear and specific short-term objectives. Sets clear and long-term goals 7. Information-Seeking. Personally seeks information on clients, suppliers, andcompetitors. Seeks experts to render bus iness or technical advice. Uses contacts or information networks to obtain information 8. Systematic Planning and Monitoring. Develops logical, step-by-step plans to reach goals. Looks into alternatives. Monitors progress and switches to alternative strategies whennecessary to achieve goals 9. Persuasion and Networking. Uses deliberate strategies to influence or persuade others. Uses business and personal contacts to accomplish objectives10. Self-Confidence. Believes in self. Expresses confidence in own ability to complete a difficult task orto meet a challengeAdditional Factors to ConsiderYou were able to pinpoint the entrepreneurial characteristics you possessas well as those areas you need to improve on to be able to run yourbusiness smoothly. Tapping your entrepreneurial skills are well and good,but you also have other factors to consider: 1. Personal Interest you must be genuinely interested in getting intobusiness 2. Knowledge/Talents your skills and knowledge should be attu ned toyour chosen line of business 3. Training/Work Experience you must have at least background trainingor workexperience to help you run a business4. Government Support/Assistance Programs find out the possibleassistance andsupport you can get from the government such asincentives, financing5.Rate of Growth of Business consider market trends, businessgrowth, and market share 6. Other Considerations also consider the return in terms of income,employment generation, services, and the likeDecision-Making / PlanningDetermining Your Product/Service LineYou can now focus on what specific type of product or service you want tosell. Some of the factors given for consideration will help you come upwith a great idea for a product what specific field are you interestedin? Can you apply your skills or background work experience to thisfield? Provided below are the different types of product/service lines:Self-Analysis: Are You Entrepreneurial?Considering Other Factors Determining Your Pr oduct/ Service Line and Type of Business Writing a Business PlanDetermining Your Financial RequirementsSeeking Sources of CapitalChoosing the Site/Location of Your BusinessRegistering Your BusinessHiring/Training PersonnelGetting Your Business Started AnalysisAre You Entrepreneurial?A successful entrepreneur possesses key characteristics that help hisbusiness grow and thrive.Extensive research by the Small EnterpriseResearch and Development Foundation reveals 10 Personal EntrepreneurialCharacteristics (PECs) that lead to success. These are grouped into whatare called the Achievement Cluster, the Planning Cluster, and the PowerCluster. Take a look at what they are and try to identify yourentrepreneurial strengths and weaknesses. Achievement ClusterOpportunity-seeking. Perceives and acts on new business opportunities. Seizes unusual opportunities to obtain financing, equipment, land,work, space, or assistancePersistence. Takes repeated or different actions to overcome obstacles. Makes sacrifices or expends extraordinary effort to complete atask. Sticks to own judgement in the face of opposition ordisappointmentsCommitment. Accepts full responsibility for problems encountered. Helps own employees to get the job done. Seeks to satisfy the customerRisk-Taking. Takes moderate risks. Prefers situations involving moderate risksValues Efficiency and Quality. Always strives to raise standards and aims for excellence. Strives to do things better, faster, and at lower costPlanning ClusterGoal-Setting. Sets clear and specific short-term objectives. Sets clear and long-term goalsInformation-Seeking. Personally seeks information on clients, suppliers, andcompetitors. Seeks experts to render business or technical advice. U ses contacts or information networks to obtain informationSystematic Planning and Monitoring. Develops logical, step-by-step plans to reach goals. Looks into alternatives. Monitors progress and switches to alternative strategies whennecessary to achieve goalsPersuasion and Networking. Uses deliberate strategies to influence or persuade others. Uses business and personal contacts to accomplish objectivesSelf-Confidence. Believes in self. Expresses confidence in own ability to complete a difficult task orto meet a challengeAdditional Factors to ConsiderYou were able to pinpoint the entrepreneurial characteristics you possessas well as those areas you need to improve on to be able to run yourbusiness smoothly. Tapping your entrepreneurial skills are well and good,but you also have other factors to consider:Personal Interest you must be genuinely interested in getting intobusinessKnowledge/Talents your skills and knowledge should be attuned toyour chosen line of businessTraining/Work Experience you must have at least background trainingor workexperience to help you run a business4. Government Support/Assistance Programs find out the possibleassistance andsupport you can get from the government such asincentives, financing5.Rate of Growth of Business consider market trends, businessgrowth, and market shareOther Considerations also consider the return in terms of income,employment generation, services, and the likeDecision-Making / PlanningDetermining Your Product/Service LineYou can now focus on what specific type of product or service you want tosell. Some of the factors given for consideration will help you come upwith a great idea for a product what specific field are you interestedin? Can you apply your skills or background work experience to thisfield? Provided below are the different types of product/service lines:Product Industries You may choose to manufacture your own product,either forthe mass market or for specialized or individual demands. Canne dgoods, wooden or plastic toys, and ready-to-wear garments are examplesof goods produced for the mass market, while precision instruments forindustrial use of made-to-order furniture are examples of specializedproducts. Process Industries You may decide to perform only one or twooperations in the total manufacturing process.If so, you are not,strictly speaking, a manufacturer but rather a processenterprise.The activities you perform can be initial operations onraw materials (milling, corrugating, sawing, or cutting), finaloperations (fishing, assembly, packing, or binding), or skilled orprecision operations (embroidery, testing, woodcarving). Subcontracting Industries If you choose to be a subcontractor, youwill undertake subcontracting work for other industries, usuallybigger ones.Bigger industries sometimes subcontract the manufactureof components, supplies, or other specialized operations to smallershops because the quality required is not viable for their high-capacity operations.Many big companies also find subcontracting amore low-cost and faster way of manufacturing products.Also, youare assured of a market for your products.You can also avail oftechnical and financial assistance from thebig companies.One drawback of subcontracting, though, is that yourely on only one firm or two for your survival. Service Industries You could choose to sell services.Serviceenterprises include repair and maintenance shops, printing and machineshops, and food catering establishments.Beauty parlors, dress andtailoring shops, recreation establishments (bowling alleys andbilliard halls), and entertainment enterprises (theaters, discos, andpub houses) are also considered service businesses. Although falling under the broad classification of a serviceenterprise, you may consider the trading business a fifth option. The most common type of trading enterprise is retailing. Types of Business According to OwnershipWould you want to run the business on your own, with a partner, or withmore people? Weigh the odds:|Forms of |Advantages|Disadvantages||Business | |||Single|Easy to set up|Demanding on owners ||Proprietorship |Decision-making|personal time||(one party)|left entirely|Growth limited by|||to owner|owners||| |financial means ||Partnership|- Relatively easy |-Any personal rifts||(at least two |to set up|||parties) |- Check and |between|||balance|partners may|||maintained with |dissolve|||two|partnership|||parties around |Equal profit sharing ||| |despite unequal ||| |attention and time||| |given by partners to ||| |business. ||Corporation|Maximum flexibility|Complicated setting-up||(at least five |for growth|process||parties) |Limited liability |Individual|||of individual|stockholders may have |||shareholders |limited influence on |||Greater room for|management|||professionalism in |Tendency to|||management|institutionalize a|||Is least likely to |b ureaucracy|||dissolve||Writing a Business PlanAfter you have made the preliminary decisions, you can proceed to formulatea business plan. There is no such thing as an all-purpose business plan. You should write your business plan according to the unique factors andconditions of your enterprise.However, you will find it useful to writeand use a business plan along the broad guidelines suggested below:1. State Your Objectives. This section comes first in a business plan. You tell your reader who you are, what your business goals are, and whenyou expect these goals to be accomplished.If you are submitting yourplan to a bank, you may indicate how much you want to borrow and what youplan to do with the funds. ||| Example of Stating Your Objectives: ||Pretty in Pink is an enterprise involved in the ||manufacturing and retailing of ready-to-wear ladies||dresses.Its goals are: ||To start manufacturing and retailing by January 2000||To achieve profitability by January 2001||To seek adequate financing for the first 18 months of||operation|2. Describe the Business. This section gives background information onyour business and how it is currently doing:For a new business. Instead of a brief history, explain what the businesswill be, how the idea for your business was conceived, and how the businessis expected to develop. For an existing business. Provide the following information: business name,date and place of registration, when actual operations began, a briefhistory of your business, and names of owners, partners, or major investors3. Describe Your Products or Services. Give a detailed description of yourproducts or services so the reader gets a clear idea of what you areselling.Also give any applications or uses of your products that may notbe apparent. .u5f1b158c5d5503b03b53518371f31d7e , .u5f1b158c5d5503b03b53518371f31d7e .postImageUrl , .u5f1b158c5d5503b03b53518371f31d7e .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u5f1b158c5d5503b03b53518371f31d7e , .u5f1b158c5d5503b03b53518371f31d7e:hover , .u5f1b158c5d5503b03b53518371f31d7e:visited , .u5f1b158c5d5503b03b53518371f31d7e:active { border:0!important; } .u5f1b158c5d5503b03b53518371f31d7e .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u5f1b158c5d5503b03b53518371f31d7e { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u5f1b158c5d5503b03b53518371f31d7e:active , .u5f1b158c5d5503b03b53518371f31d7e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u5f1b158c5d5503b03b53518371f31d7e .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u5f1b158c5d5503b03b53518371f31d7e .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u5f1b158c5d5503b03b53518371f31d7e .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u5f1b158c5d5503b03b53518371f31d7e .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u5f1b158c5d5503b03b53518371f31d7e:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u5f1b158c5d5503b03b53518371f31d7e .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u5f1b158c5d5503b03b53518371f31d7e .u5f1b158c5d5503b03b53518371f31d7e-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u5f1b158c5d5503b03b53518371f31d7e:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Short plot summary of giver EssayIn this portion of your plan, you should also note the competitiveadvantages your product has over other similar products, as well asidentify the products you will be competing with.You should be able tostate your products advantages and disadvantages. 4. Identify Your Potential Market Determine who are your present orprojected customers and how many.Be as specific as possible.Are youselling to bookstores? A grocery store? A small ladies boutique? If youare selling to the general public, you may need to group potentialcustomers according to age, gender, income, education, and otherdemographic factors. You then ask yourself how you can make use of theinformation.If, for example, you know that your potential customers willlikely be children between three to ten, what does this tell you about yourlocation? Your advertising? Your prices?5. Identify Your Competitors Rather than pose as threats to you, yourcompetition should drive you to do your best.Learn as much as you canabout them.Include the following information in your plan:Description of competitors Identify businesses likely to become yourcompetitors. Name them. Size of Competitors Determine your competitors assets and salesvolume. Profitability of Competitors Which of your competitors are makingmoney? Which are losing, and by how much?Operating Methods Determine the operating methods of each of yourmajor competitors in terms of pricing strategy; quality of productsand services; servicing, warranties, and packaging; methods of sellingand distribution channels; credit terms; location; advertising andpromotion; reputation; and inventory levels.Discuss only the itemsrelevant to your business. 6. Consider Your Pricing Policy In pricing your goods and services, allrelevant factors should be considered, like cost of production anddistribution as well as the degree of acceptance by the market.Anotherfactor to consider is the pricing structure of your competitors.Ofcourse, the aim of your pricing policy should be to set the price at alevel that maximizes profit in the long run. Determine Your Marketing Methods Having a good product at areasonable priceis not enough. Your business plan must answer the following questions:How will you promote or advertise your business?How will you sell your product? Will you employ salespeople?What channels of distribution will you use to reach your customers?What do your customers think of your product? How can you improveyour image as an enterprise?Determine Your Key Personnel Identify the key people in yourbusiness, includingyou as the owner and manager.If your business is a corporation, list thenames and addresses of all directors.If your business is a partnership,list the names and addresses of all the partners. Identify Your Material Requirements and Sources of Supply List downwhatmaterials you will need and where you will get them.Include only directmaterials; office supplies and other indirect materials should not beincluded in the list. You should prepare a table for the materials. For each of them, state howmany suppliers there are, who your main supplier is, and why. Your readerswill see that you have carefully thought out who your best supplier willbe. Determine the Process and Equipment You Will Use to Manufacture YourProduct Give a detailed explanation of your production process.Foreach step, explain the work done, as well as the equipment and materialsused.If you are presenting a complex process, include a diagram showingyour work-flow.Assign positions for the jobs that need to be done andestimate how many people you need to employ for each position.Set salaryrates, too. Prepare a Sales Forecast Include a sales forecast that covers atleast two years ofoperation.For the first year, present your sales on a monthly basis. Present the forecast of the succeeding years on a yearly basis, andexplain how you arrived at the figures and at the assumptions on which theyare based. Prepare a Budget In manufacturing, production costs of materials,labor, service,manufacturing overhead, and other components should be budgeted.Aservice business should budget operational costs.Sales costs shouldinclude selling and distribution, storage, discounts, advertising, andpromotion.General and administrative expenses include salaries, as wellas legal and accounting costs.Projections should be prepared every monthduring the first year of operation and every quarter for the second andthird years. Set Your Plan to Work You are ready to set your plan to work.Itis time to raisefunds, obtain a license, purchase facilities and supplies, hire and trainpeople, and start operating. Remember that if you are to succeed, you mustbe prepared to work long hours and must be totally committed to yourbusiness. FinancingDetermining Your Financial RequirementsYou must now determine your financial needs and raise funds to meet theseneeds.You can begin a sari-sari store from your own personal savings. A garment factory, on the other hand, will require more elaboratearrangements for fund sourcing. Generally speaking, the financial requirements of a business may beclassified into Fixed Capital, Working Capital, and Pre-operating Capital. . Fixed Capital includes cost of land and building, or lease deposits ofthem; cost ofimproving the land or remodeling the building; machinery andequipment; furniture, furnishings, and fixtures. These are usually one-time expenses, meaning they are generally good for the duration ofyour business. . Working Capital is the reserve money you need to run the businessuntil it becomes self-supporting. This may take about one to sixmonths or even longer. You need working capital to purchase your rawmaterials, pay your workers, pay for transportation, telephone,electricity, and water bills. . Pre-Operating Capital includes money that you spend to register yourbusiness,acquire licenses for franchises, or pay a lawyer or a consultant. Inother words,this is money you spend before your business begins to operate. It is advisable to prepare a forecast that outlines all these capitalrequirements. Be sure that no significant item has been overlooked. Berealistic and do not underestimate your requirements. Provide forcontingencies and a margin of safety in estimating your capitalrequirements to avoid cost overruns later. Your capital should be enough tocover unexpected expenses. Observe the equipment and manpower requirementsof other business establishments. If in doubt, ask a knowledgeable friend,an accountant or consultant to see if your estimates are realistic or not. For simple business activities like small-scale trading or home-basedindustries, simple estimates or financial requirements, income and profitwould be sufficient. However, larger, more complex undertakings require amore in-depth study; this is called the project feasibility study.Banksusually require this for long-term loans. Seeking Sources of CapitalThe small businessman usually meets his initial requirements by dippinginto his own savings or investing his other assets. Loans from relativesand friends sometimes supplement his initial capital. Some of these loansare extended interest-free. External sources of funds are available if you know where to look. Organizations such as banks, venture capital corporations, and savings andloan associations make lending money their business. In addition, somegovernment institutions provide credit to small start-up enterprises atsubsidized interest rates and liberal terms. If you are looking for capital, you may first consider looking into yourown resources and the loan offerings of possible creditors:. Equity Capital is the amount of personal resources you andpossibly your partner put in, plus the portion of the profits youplow back into the business. It also includes resources invested by other people into your company. Equity is a permanent part of your capital structure. As such, it doesnot have to be paid back. Nevertheless, as your company grows, youwill need to put in more equity or permanent capital. The small businessman may exhaust his own personal resources to getmore equity funds for the business. Personal life insurance policiesor other properties of value may be used in times of urgency. Friends,relatives, or other members of the community may also be persuaded toinvest in the business. . Creditors Equity. If you require financing from outside sources, youcan avail of theloan packages of financial institutions. These are:. Short-term loans. These loans are short-term financial obligations,usually lasting less than a year and normally self-liquidating. Theyare used to buy things that will generate funds for repayment of theloan. Some short-term loans (clean loans) are issued on an unsecuredbasis, which means they are made without collateral, since the bankrelies on your credit reputation. . Individual money lenders. Friends or relatives extend loans in the spiritofpakikisama or camaraderie. There are also unlicensed money lenders butbeware ofthose who charge usurious rates of interest, like the so-called five-six operators. . Non Government Organizations (NGOs). NGOs are fast becoming popularsourcesof credit. Through enterprise development projects implemented by privateand government finance institutions, these NGOs act as intermediary agentsin various lending programs. Lending packages are available depending onthe specific target beneficiaries of the individual programs. Theirinterest rates are usually lower than what banks offer. A review of yourfeasibility study and a credit investigation are customarily conducted. Most programs offer character loans and require minimum equityparticipation with little or no collateral. The organization closelymonitors and evaluates each business project. Beneficiaries of these PVOsare commonly micro and small entrepreneurs. . Special Lending Programs. Public and private agencies are confident ofthe strengthof small entrepreneurs, and have thus created programs that woulduplift their status. |Rules for Sound Financing||. A small businessman should know exactly what type of||capital he needs and how he can obtain it at the best||possible terms.If he borrows the capital, he must know ||exactly how to repay it.An entrepreneur must also know ||when to require financial expansion.||. The ideal debt-equity ratio of ones capital structure||must be 40:60. This means that the debt or borrowed portion||of the total capital should be contributed by the owners ||equity.||A 40:60 ratio is considered ideal because it will allow the||firm to acquire more credit in the future when it is ready ||to expand. Most banks and other financial institutions lend||money only if the resulting debt-equity is 60:40 when the ||new (borrowed) money is infused into the business.||Therefore, it makes sense to limit borrowing. Otherwise,||one may be saddled with a heavy repayment burden.||. Fixed assets and working capital requirements during||normal operations must be financed from long-term sources ||( one year or longer). These sources are the owners equity ||and long-term loans or long-term liabilities. ||. Short-term requirements, like additional working capital ||needed during peak seasons (Christmas, rainy season,||school opening, etc.) should come from short-term sources, ||such as: trade credit (30 90 days); short-term bank loans||(from two to three months); pawnshops (three months); and ||friends and relatives. | Setting UpChoosing the Site/Location of Your BusinessFinding a site for your business is crucial. In the retail business, yoursales potential depends on your location. Like a tree, a store draws itsnourishment from the area around it. A storeowner is already half-successful if he sets up shop in a good place. You must also be able to recognize factors in some sites that aredetrimental to your business. Among these are: smoke, dust, disagreeableodors and noises, proximity to garages, hospitals, drinking places andsimilar establishments, poor sidewalks, and old, run-down buildings. |||Some guidelines to help you find a good location:||Know the population of the trading area. Is the||neighborhood starting to be run down? Is the population||moving away? Or is it new and on the way up? Determine the ||purchasing power of the population. Do they own cars? Big, ||affluent homes? ||||Study the competition How many stores look prosperous in ||the area? How many look as though they are barely getting ||by? How many similar stores went out of business in this||area last year? How many new stores opened last year? What ||price line does competition carry? Pinpoint which stores ||will be your greatest competitors. If you intend to put up||a variety store, you may find it profitable to locate your ||store adjacent to that of your competitors because the||combined appeal of two or more similar stores creates||greater customer traffic.||||Study the locations accessibility See if the location is||accessible to your customers, employees and of course, to ||you. Ask yourself the following questions: How close is the||store to jeepney and bus, and other transport facilities? ||Are there adequate parking spaces near the store? Are the ||sidewalks in good repair? Is the street lighting good?|Registering Your BusinessA new small enterprise has to be registered in various governmentagencies. The complexity of registration varies according to the legalform of the business. A single proprietorship is the easiest to register,while a corporation requires more elaborate procedures. Registering with the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI)The DTI-NCR administers the registration of business names. If you are a single proprietor and your business is using a name other thanyour own name, that business name should be registered. Business nameregistration with the DTI is optional for partnerships and corporations. By registering your business name with the DTI, you are assured that noother entity may legally use your business name anywhere in thePhilippines. Register your Business Name at:Department of Trade and Industry NCRGround floor, DTI Main Building361 Sen. Gil Puyat Ave., Makati Cityor at designated Satellite Registration Centers in selected cities in MetroManilaTel. No. 890-4854Steps:Obtain application forms (duplicate copy), preferred name slip, andindex card from the Information Desk and fill these up completely. Only the owner of the business is authorized to sign all the forms. Meet the following requirements (For Single Proprietorship):. Must be a Filipino citizen, at least 18 years old. Filipinos withnamessuggestive of alien nationality must submit proof of citizenship such asbirth certificate, PRC ID, voters ID, passport. If the applicant hasacquiredFilipino citizenship by naturalization, election, or by other meansprovided by law, he must submit proof of his Filipino citizenship such asI) naturalization certificate and oath of allegiance; or II) card issued bythe Bureau of Immigration and Deportation and affidavit of election or IDcard issued by the Bureau of Immigration and Deportation. .uf7f7567de2fa5c002e8543dbef529627 , .uf7f7567de2fa5c002e8543dbef529627 .postImageUrl , .uf7f7567de2fa5c002e8543dbef529627 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf7f7567de2fa5c002e8543dbef529627 , .uf7f7567de2fa5c002e8543dbef529627:hover , .uf7f7567de2fa5c002e8543dbef529627:visited , .uf7f7567de2fa5c002e8543dbef529627:active { border:0!important; } .uf7f7567de2fa5c002e8543dbef529627 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf7f7567de2fa5c002e8543dbef529627 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf7f7567de2fa5c002e8543dbef529627:active , .uf7f7567de2fa5c002e8543dbef529627:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf7f7567de2fa5c002e8543dbef529627 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf7f7567de2fa5c002e8543dbef529627 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf7f7567de2fa5c002e8543dbef529627 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf7f7567de2fa5c002e8543dbef529627 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf7f7567de2fa5c002e8543dbef529627:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf7f7567de2fa5c002e8543dbef529627 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf7f7567de2fa5c002e8543dbef529627 .uf7f7567de2fa5c002e8543dbef529627-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf7f7567de2fa5c002e8543dbef529627:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Reaction Paper of the Movie Agora Essay. Must provide two recent passport-size picturesCertain types of business may have other requirements:. Service and repair shops. Real estate brokers. Dental/medical clinic/hospitals. Pawnshops. Manpower services. Engineering services. Architectural services.Other related services provided by professionals3.Proceed to the designated window for evaluationPay required fees at the cashier. Registration and Processing FeeSingle P300Corporation/Partnership/Cooperative P500A penalty of P100 is imposed if the BNRS certificate is not renewedbefore within the 3-month grace period from the certificatesexpiration dateGet priority numberProceed to the waiting area and wait for your number to be called bythe examiners at Windows 1-10Business Name Certificate is released within 10-15 minutes uponapprovalRegistering with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)The SEC is the government agency that gives the business enterprise itslegal personality. Only partnerships and corporations need to be registered with the SEC. Single proprietorships need not register. Register your business at:Securities and Exchange CommissionSEC Bldg., EDSA, Greenhills, Mandaluyong CityTel. No. 726-0931Basic Requirements of a PartnershipName Verification SlipArticles of Partnership3.Undertaking to Change Name4.Registration Data SheetIf it is a Limited Partnership, the word Limited is added to thename. Articles of limited partnership should always be under oath only(JURAT) and not acknowledged by the partners before a notary publicPartnerships need clearance from concerned government agenciesAdditional Requirements for a Partnership1. License of custom brokers for custom brokerage. 2. For foreign partnerships: Foreign Investment Agent Application Form Proof of Inward Remittance of non-resident alien partner or affidavitmanifestingintention not to register investment with the Bangko Sentral ngPilipinas If the document was signed abroad, it must be authenticated by thePhilippine Consular Office in the country it was executedRegistration Procedures:Secure name verification slip from the Records DivisionProceed to Cashier for payment of filing feeSubmit documents to the Receiving Unit of the Records SectionThe documents are then forwarded to the Company Registration andMonitoring Department (CRMD) and assigned to processorsTyping pool prepares Certificate of Registration and returns to aprocessor (or a lawyer) and Assistant Director for initialsDirector of the CRMD signs the Certificate of PartnershipThe certificate of registration is forwarded to the Releasing Unit ofthe Records Division (ground floor), where it may be claimed by theapplicant upon presentation of receipt as proof of payment of thefiling feeNotes:Applications of domestic corporations (stock) where subscribedcapital stock are paid in cash are forwarded by the Records Divisiondirectly to the Company Registration and Pre-Need Department (CRPD). Verified name is deemed unofficial unless approved by the Commission,i.e., after issuance of the certificate of incorporationFor businesses involving pre-need plans and commodity futures,clearance of the proposed corporate name from the Pre-need Departmentand Market Regulation department is required before verification ofthe name with the Records Division at the SEC Annex Bldg. The application for registration of non-stock corporations isprocessed solely by the CRPD. Application under the Foreign Investment Act of 1991 or those with morethan 40% foreign equity are processed first by CRMD before payment offiling fee. Registering with the Social Security System (SSS)An employer, or any person who uses the services of another person inbusiness,trade, industry or any undertaking must be registered with the SSS. Social,civic, professional, charitable and other non-profit organizations, whichhire the services of employees, are considered employers.Register at:Social Security System (SSS)SSS Bldg., East Avenue, Diliman, Quezon CityTel. Nos. 920-6401, 920-6446Email: emailprotectedSingle ProprietorshipsAn owner of a single proprietorship business may accomplish and submit SSSForms R-1 (Employers Data Record) and R-1A (Initial or Subsequent List ofEmployees). PartnershipsAny of the partners of a partnership firm should accomplish SSS Forms R-1and R-1A and submit these forms together with a photocopy of the Articlesof Partnership. The original copy of the Articles of Partnership must bepresented for authentication. CorporationsA corporation must accomplish SSS Forms R-1 and R-1A signed by itspresident or any of the corporate officers or incorporators. Submit theseforms together with the photocopy of the Articles of Incorporation. Theoriginal copy of the Articles of Incorporation must be presented to the SSSfor authentication. Registering with the Cooperative Development Authority (CDA)All cooperatives are required to register with the CDA as per Republic Act6938/6939. Register at:Cooperative Development Authority6F Benlor Bldg., 1184 Quezon Ave., Quezon CityTel. No. 373-6896Steps:Submit four copies of the Articles of CooperationSubmit four copies of the By-LawsSubmit four copies of the Economic Survey (feasibility study)Submit Bond Accountable Officers (Fidelity, Cash, or Surety)Capitalization not lower than P2,000 (depending on the activitiesregistered)Minimum members of at least 15Registering with the Bureau of Internal Revenue (BIR)Every business enterprise has to register with the BIR for taxationpurposes. Below are the steps to follow:Secure a permanent record file number of Tax Identification Number(TIN) from the BIR National Office in Diliman, Quezon CityRegister the business/trade name at the BIR office nearest you. Secure and file an application form, together with supporting papers,as follows:Mayors permitCertificate of Business Name Registration from the DTIArticles of Partnership or CorporationResidence CertificateSecure authority to print books of account, invoices, receipts, andother accounting records by filling up four copies of an applicationform. Attach four draft copies of the material to be printed as wellas a copy of the job order. Register book of accounts, invoices, receipts, etc. Registering with the Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE)Business establishments with five or more employees are encouraged toregister with DOLE, the agency which monitors compliance with labor laws. Registration is mandatory for firms which employ 50 or more workers. The Bureau of Local Employment administers the registration ofestablishments. To register, secure and fill up a registration form. Corporations are required to attach a photostat copy of the SEC Certificateof Registration. Registering with the Local GovernmentAll businesses, whatever the legal form, are required to secure a mayorspermit or municipal license from the municipality or city where they arelocated. Various cities and municipalities have different registrationprocedures, but the following steps prescribed in Quezon City would betypical:Go to the Business Permit and Licensing Office of Quezon City Hall. Secure an application form from the Public Assistance OfficeSubmit three copies of the form together with a simple sketch of yourbusiness location. Support application with a Certificate of Business NameRegistration from the DTI-NCR if you are using a firm name. A partnership or corporation must submit the correspondingArticles ofPartnership or Incorporation duly registered with the SECtogether with a photostat copy of the Certificate of Registration with the SEC andthe current class C certificate in the case of corporationsProceed to the City Treasurers Office for any payments to be made. Present Mayors Permit for issuance of municipal licensesBusiness establishments are required to exhibit the mayors permitconspicuously in the business establishment. Registering with Other AgenciesDepending on the type of products they manufacture or handle and on theirmarket orientation, certain firms are required by law to register withother government agencies:|Bureau of Food and Drugs |For manufacturers ||(BFAD) |of drugs,||Philinvest Corporate|cosmetics, and||Center, Alabang,|food products||Muntinlupa|||Tel. No. 807-0721/ Fax No.|||807-0751|||Email: emailprotected|||Garments and Textile|For all||Export Board (GTEB) |manufacturers of ||4/F, New Solid Bldg., 357 |garments and||Sen. Gil Puyat Ave. Makati|textile for ||City|exports.||Tel No. 890-4810/ Fax No. |||890-4653|||Email: emailprotected|||National Food Authority |For rice, corn,||Regulatory Division |and flour dealers.||10th flr., Matimyas |||Building, E. Rodriguez|||Sr., Quezon City|||Tel. 712-1719 / 712-1705 ||| |||Fiber Industry Development|For processors and||Authority|traders of fibers ||Asiatrust Bank, Annex|and fiber||Bldg., |products.||1424 Quezon Avenue, Quezon|||City|||Tel. 37 3-7489 / 373-9241 |||Bureau of Fisheries and|For those engaged ||Aquatic Resources (BFAR) |in the export of ||Arcadia Building, Quezon |fish and fish||Avenue, Quezon City |products and other||Tel. 372-5057 / 373-7452 |aquatic products. ||Bureau of Animal Industry |For exporters of ||(BAI)|animals and animal||Visayas Avenue, Quezon|by-products ||City|||Tel. 927-0971 / 926-8814 |||Bureau of Plant Industry |For exporters of ||(BPI)|plant and plant||San Andres, Malate, Manila|products|| |||Tel. 525-7857 / 524-0768 |||Bureau of Forest|For exporters of ||Development|forest products||FMB Building, Visayas|(e.g., logs,||Avenue, |lumber products, ||Diliman, Quezon City|plywood etc.)||Tel. 927-4788 / 925-2138 |||National Tobacco|For those engaged ||Administration|in the production ||NTA Bldg., Panay Ave.,|or export of||cor. Sct. Reyes St. Quezon|flue-cured ||City|Virginia-type||Tel. No. 374-3987/ |tobacco, Burley||374-2505|tobacco, and|| |Turkish/Oriental || |tobacco products. ||DTI- Bureau o f Product|For commodity||Standards (BPS)|clearance for||3/F, Trade and Industry|producers, ||Bldg., 361 Sen. Gil Puyat |manufacturers or ||Ave., Makati City|exporters their ||Tel. No. 890-4965/ |products will be ||890-4924|tested to ensure ||Fax No. 890-5131|that they meet||Email: emailprotected |established || |standards. ||National Subcontractors|For businesses||Exchange (SUBCONEX) DTI |interested in||NCR|tie-ups with||12/F, Trafalgar Plaza, 105|export-oriented||H.V. dela Costa St. |firms as||Salcedo Village, Makati|sub-contractors/su||City|ppliers provided ||Tel. No. 811-8231 to 33|they fall under||Email: emailprotected |any of the || |following sectors:|| |garments and|| |handwoven fabrics,|| |gifts and|| |housewares, || |furniture and|| |fixtures, footwear|| |and leather goods,|| |fresh and|| |processed foods|| |and jewelry.||Intellectual Property|For firms that||Office (IPO) |want to register ||IPO Bldg., 351 Sen. Gil|their patents and ||Puyat Ave. Makati City|trademarks. || Tel./Fax No. 890-4862;|||890-4942|||Email: emailprotected||| |||DTI Bureau of Trade|For enterprises||Regulation and Consumer|engaged directly ||Protection (BTRCP) |or indirectly in ||2/F, Trade and Industry|the servicing,||Bldg., 361 Sen. Gil Puyat |repair or||Ave. Makati City|maintenance of||Tel. No. 896-5785; Fax.|vehicles, engines ||No. 890-4949 |and engineering||Email: |works, electrical ||emailprotected|components, || |electronics,|| |air-conditioning || |and refrigeration,|| |office machines|| |and data|| |processing, || |equipment, medical|| |and dental || |equipment. || |Technical|| |personnel (e.g., || |mechanics or|| |technicians) are || |also within the|| |scope of the|| |BTRCP.|Hiring/Training PersonnelYour workers are essential to your business. Remember that without workers,you cannot have a business. Even if youre running a very small operation,you cannot expect to do everything yourself. As manager, you must see to itthat you have the right employees, and that you t rain them well, andmotivate them to do their very best at work. Know your employees rights:Equal Work Opportunities for All. Male and female employees are entitled toequal compensation as well as equal access to promotion and trainingopportunities. It is unlawful to discriminate against female employees. Itis also unlawful to hire a woman on condition that she should not getmarried, or to stipulate expressly or tacitly that a woman employee shallbe deemed dismissed if she gets married. Security of Tenure. Every employee shall be assured security of tenure. Noemployee can be dismissed from work except for a just or authorized cause,and only after due process. Work Days and Work Hours. Work Day refers to any day during which anemployee is regularly required to work. Hours of Work refer to all the timean employee renders actual work, or is required to be on duty or to be at aprescribed workplace. The normal hours of work in a day is eight hours. This includes breaks or rest period of less than one hour, but excludesmeal periods, which shall not be less than one hour. ||Three types of LeavesService Incentive Leave (SIL) an employee is entitled to a five-dayleave with pay after one year of service. Maternity Leave the leave granted on the occasion of childbirth,abortion, or miscarriage of a female member of the SSS who has paid atleast three monthly contributions within the 12-month periodimmediately preceding her childbirth or miscarriage. Paternity Leave a male employee can go on leave for seven days withfull pay when his legitimate spouse gives birth or suffers amiscarriage. Wage and Wage-Related Benefits. Wage is the amount paid to an employee inexchange for a task, piece of work, or service rendered to an employer. This includes overtime, night differential, rest day, holiday and 13thmonth pay. It also includes the fair and reasonable value of board,lodging, and other facilities customarily furnished by the employer. Safe Working Conditions. Employers must provide workers with every kind ofon-the-job protection against injury, sickness, or death through safe andhealthful working conditions. Rest Days and Holidays. Rest Day refers to any rest period of not lessthan 24 consecutive hours after not more than six consecutive work days. Holidays or Special Days are classified as such by law or declared bycompetent public authority, whether or not it falls on an employees WorkDay or Rest Day. Right to Self-Organization and Collective Bargaining. Every worker has aright to self-organization, i.e., form or join a legitimate workersorganization, association, or union of his choice free from interferencefrom the employer or from the government. Except for those classified asmanagerial or confidential, all employees may form or join unions forpurposes of collective bargaining and other legitimate concertedactivities. An employee is eligible for membership in an appropriate unionon the first day of his or her employment. Workers Participation and Tripartism. Workers have a right to participatein policy and decision-making processes in matters directly affecting them. They have a right to take part in tripartite activities with government andemployers organizations. Through their organizations, workers are entitledto representation in tripartite decision-making functions as defined bylaw, including fixing of wages and resolution of labor disputes. Getting Your Business StartedNow you can start your business. Remember that being an entrepreneur alsomeans you have a social responsibility to your employees and to thecommunity you serve. This means that you must pay decent wages, give yourcustomers their moneys worth, and compete fairly in the market. Keep in mind that business is uncertain. Not everything will go accordingto plan. When the unexpected happens, dont blame other people, thegovernment, a poor business environment, or bad luck. Successfulentrepreneurs learn from their failures. Once you have made up your mind,have laid down your plans, and are determined to face the challenges ahead,you are ready to join the ranks. Welcome to the world of business!

20 History Essay Topics What to Talk about in a Paper on Egyptian Revolution of 2011

20 History Essay Topics What to Talk about in a Paper on Egyptian Revolution of 2011 If you are in need of some topics for your history essay on the Egyptian Revolution of 2011, you should consider the causes, casualties, and consequences. All three of these categories make for substantial and important topics which can be used for a history essay on the Egyptian Revolution of 2011. That being said, picking a proper topic can be tricky. It is for this reason that you will find a list of 20 topics on the Egyptian Revolution of 2011 below helpful. Foreign Policies Influencing Egyptian Revolution of 2011 Casualties by Police Forces in Egyptian Revolution Foreign Policy Consequences of Egyptian 25th of January Revolution Egyptian Revolution of 2011 Socioeconomic Causes Political Contributions to Egyptian 25th of January Revolution Governmental Problems after Egyptian Revolution of 2011 Issues Facing New Government Elected After Egyptian Revolution Political Reasons that Led to the 25th of January Revolution Government Responses to Mass Protests in the Egyptian Revolution of 2011 Protest Power: How Protests Spark Real Change in Egyptian Revolution of 2011 Why Reforms Were Unsuccessful After the 25th of January Revolution How Tunisia Laid Groundwork for Egyptian Revolution Why Tunisia’s Revolution Was Quicker and More Successful than the Egyptian Revolution Unemployment Levels in Egypt Before Versus After Egyptian Revolution Poverty Levels in Egypt Before Compared to After the Egyptian Revolution Muslim Brotherhood After the Elections Influence of International Politics on Police Brutality in Egyptian Revolution Use of Technology in the Egyptian Revolution of January 25th Age Demographics of Protesters in the Egyptian Revolution of 2011 Internet Restrictions: Causing Bigger Influence of National Media Sample History Essay on Political Reasons that Led to the 25th of January Revolution The Egyptian Revolution of 2011 had many causes. It also had many casualties and many consequences for the future of Egypt. The former Egyptian president Hosni Mubarak had signed many foreign policies which did not sit well with his constituents, namely agreements for peace with Israel and support from the United States. But in addition to these issues, political corruption was rampant and as this rampant nature of the governing machine grew, so did the unemployment rates and poverty rates among citizens. In the decade prior to the Egyptian revolution opposition organizations began to form rapidly. The Muslim Brotherhood was among the top opposition organizations calling for free elections and demanding that the presidential elections to be democratic. While the former president had been elected for over two decades at that time, he had faced no opposition and ran in single-party elections. Having a single candidate election had upseted the citizens of Egypt to no end. Many people have outspoken against the president and the hold he had on political power. Those who have outspoken faced severe penalties including torture, imprisonment and even death in hands of the internal security services. In 2005 the Muslim Brotherhood had gained so much popularity that local elections indicated they would win. The former president Hosni Mubarak had banned the Muslim brotherhood from the country. For the first time in 2010 the former president of Egypt faced an opponent. After the victory of Hosni Mubarak, he had his opponent jailed on the charges of fraud. Beginning in December of the year 2010 there were unprecedented numbers of demonstrations throughout several Arab countries against political repression, poverty and corruption. These demonstrations challenged the authority of some of the most historically eventful in the Middle East. This was the case in which the uprising of Egypt had forced one of the most influential and long-serving leaders of the region from power. The first demonstrations took place in December of the year 2010 in Tunisia. They have started when a young man set himself on fire because of unemployment rate and the police corruption that was rampant in the country. Rallies have demanded for the president to step down.They had occurred throughout the country and in many cases the police had to resort to violence in order to control the crowds. As the clashes between protesters and police escalated the president announced a handful of economic and political reforms in the attempt to stop the continued violence. His attempts were unsuccessful. As the demonstrations continued the president was forced to flee the country. This success of this uprising which has since been called the Jasmine Revolution is what inspired a similar movement in Egypt. Many youth groups organized demonstrations including the established opposition parties of Egypt. These organizations too have set up bases in the capital city and many large cities throughout the country. The protesters called for the president to step down and demanded free elections and democracy. These demonstrations continued to gain strength and as they did the president resorted to violent tactics against the protesters. These tactics resulted in hundreds of injuries and deaths. The presidents attempt to placate the protesters with certain concessions such as agreeing to step down at the end of his current term did not satisfy the citizens. Three weeks of mass protest took place before the president finally stepped down and left the Egyptian military in control of the country. While the protesters in Egypt focused the anger they had on domestic issues like that of government opposition, oppression and poverty. Many observers took note that the political change was able to impact the foreign affairs and affect the long-standing political balance throughout Egypt. Central element of the foreign policy under the ousted president became unpopular with the public. It is established that with a new regime such foreign and internal policies could be changed for better. References: Abdelmottlep, Mamdooh A. The Egyptian Revolution: An Analysis of the Egyptian Police Response, the Way to the Egyptian Police Reform (Subjective Projection).  FRCIJ  1.5 (2015): n. pag. Web. Hamdy, Basma, and Stone.  Walls of Freedom. Print. Khalil, Ashraf.  Liberation Square. New York: St. Martins Press, 2012. Print. Rennick, Sarah Anne. Contested Meanings in the Egyptian Revolution.  socio  2 (2013): 81-98. Web. Salman, Doaa. Vulnerable Egyptian Labor Market Challenges After the Egyptian Revolution.Poverty Public Policy  6.3 (2014): 239-258. Web. Saouli, Adham. Performing The Egyptian Revolution: Origins of Collective Restraint Action in the Midan.  Political Studies  63.4 (2014): 730-746. Web. Steavenson, Wendell.  Circling The Square. Print.